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Particle
Size / Count Analysis Service
Next Day Results
Comprehensive
particle size/count analysis for in-situ and flowing fluids. Graphic and
tabular presentation of particle size, total counts, counts percent, surface
area percent, volume percent, PPM and total suspended solids. Ideal for
water treatment plants, ground water analysis, filtration sizing, pre/post
filtration test, and hydraulic oils/lubricants.
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Next
Day Particle Analysis Service Price List
Typical Test Results
DETAILED
EXPLANATION OF SPECTREX WATER ANALYSIS PRINT-OUT
| A. |
TITLE |
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This heading
lists the customer whose sample is being analyzed and the description
and identification of the sample. |
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| B. |
HISTOGRAM
SHOWING SIZE DISTRIBUTION |
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- Bin
Number
Left hand vertical column indicates bin or channel number.
Normally we use 32 bins.
- Particle
size range
Moving from left to right: the next vertical column shows the
particle sizes, from
I to 100 micrometers (symbol µm.)
Note: µm is equivalent to one thousandth of a millimeter
or one millionth of a meter. The human eye is able to see down
to about 50 µm, while the Spectrex instrument can count and size
down to µm.
- Particle
size in percentage
Next column is the percentage distribution per bin over the complete
size range.
- Relative
Count Column
These numbers are only indirectly related to the absolute number
of particles in
each bin and should be ignored.
- The
Bar Graph ("Histogram")
This gives a quick, visual indication of the size distribution.
The scale at the top can be changed as necessary.
- Filter
Box (The topmost of six rectangles to the right of the
Bar Graph)
"F-0" is used for clear water samples.
"F-30" is used for opaque hydraulic oil samples.
"F-11" is used for the small vial attachment.
- A-T
This is the ACTUAL number of seconds it took to collect your sample.
- S-T
This is the number of seconds SET on the computer to take your
sample.
- Dilution
If your sample has to be diluted, this is the amount of dilution
needed.
- Offset
and Gain
These are constants preset in the computer to ensure that the
sized particles are entered in the right bins.
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| C. |
LISTINGS |
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These
are the vertical columns of numbers immediately under the Histogram.
From
left to right ...
| 1.
Bin number |
As
explained above in B-1 |
| 2.
Size |
As
explained above in B-2 |
| 3.
Total Counts per cc |
This
column lists the absolute number of particles in each bin and
includes the dilution factor. If there is a "0" in
the sub lµm category this does not mean that there are no submicron
particles present. Unless specifically requested, we usually
size from lµm upward as there is a slightly indeterminate factor
below that size, while we are sure that all lµm particles are
counted. |
| 4.
Counts percent |
As
explained in B-3 |
| 5.
Surface Area percent |
The
computer rearranges the distribution by Surface Area. The Surface
Area is derived by multiplying Counts Percent by the "square"
of the diameter.
Percent |
| 6.
Volume Percent |
This
is calculated using the "cube" of the diameter. You
will notice that the percentage distribution is heavily weighted
toward the larger particle range. |
| 7.
Mass Per Bin (in parts per million) |
The
Volume Percent is multiplied by the specific gravity to derive
the weight of the particles in each size range. The total of
this column gives the total suspended solids in parts per million
or milligrams per liter. (see E-2 below). |
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| D. |
STANDARD
CLASSIFICATION |
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This is
usually in "Phi" categories, used by sedimentologists, geologists
and water engineers. It is a relisting of C above in a reduced number
of channels. Other "standard" listings, for hydraulic oils,
are ISO, NAS and SAE. If you would prefer one of these three rather
than "Phi" please specify. |
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| E. |
TOTALS |
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Here we
list -
- Total
number of particles in the sample. This is a total of C-3
above.
- Total
suspended solids. This is a sum of the listing C-7 and is
both in parts per million and in milligrams per liter.
- Dilution
factor. This is an indication of how much dilution was necessary
to get the required results.
- Specific
Gravity. This important aspect of the sample is entered into
the computer before the sample is run and is used to calculate
the Mass Per Bin C-7 and Total Suspended Solids E-2.
- Mean
Size and Standard Deviation are computed from Total
Counts per cc (C-3).
- Date
and Time at which the sample was run is a valuable reference
for the future.
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